Worms The most
common intestinal worms that cats get are called roundworms and tapeworms. Most
infected cats do not show signs of having worms but heavy cases of worms can
cause weight loss, vomiting and diarrhoea, irritation around the anus and
failure to thrive. Some worms can also be passed on to humans and on rare
occasions can be a cause of serious human disease. For these reasons, regular
treatment of cats and kittens to prevent or eliminate worms is very important.
Routine treatment for worms is recommended
throughout a cat’s life.
Roundworms Intestinal
roundworms are the most common intestinal parasites in cats and occur in cats
of all ages throughout the world. The two common roundworms of cats are called,
Toxocara cati and Toxascaris leonina. Eggs from these worms are passed in the
faeces and can remain viable in the environment for several years. These eggs
can infect cats in two ways. First, a cat may eat eggs directly from a
contaminated environment (by eating an infected cat’s food for instance).
Secondly, if your cat hunts, always presume
they do, and their prey has eaten
worm
eggs
(eg, a mouse or rat) these act as
‘intermediate hosts’ and pass on the infection to your cat when it eats the
prey.
Hookworms are
a type of small intestinal roundworm found in most countries throughout the
world. These worms can cause damage to the lining of the intestine where they
attach to the surface, and this may result in weight loss, bleeding and
anaemia. Common cat hookworms include Ancylostoma tubaeforme, and Uncinaria
stenocephala, but other species occur in some countries.
Tapeworms are
generally long flat worms composed of many segments. Mature segments containing
eggs are released from the end of the tapeworm and are passed in the faeces.
These segments often resemble grains of rice and can sometimes be seen on the
hair around the anus of the cat, in the faeces and on the cat's bed.
To complete their life-cycle, all tapeworms require an
intermediate host to first eat the eggs from the environment, and then the cat
will become infected by eating the host.
Animals that act as intermediate hosts vary depending on the species of
tapeworm Dipylidium caninum is transmitted to cats by fleas. The immature fleas
larvae ingest the eggs of the worm, but infection is then passed on to a cat
when it swallows an infected flea during grooming. It should be assumed that
any cat infected with fleas also has Dipylidium caninum (and vice versa).
Taenia taeniaeformis is passed on to when they eat small
rodents (rats and mice), the rodents having eaten eggs from the environment.
This infection occurs very commonly in cats that hunt
Worming your cat
Roundworms are extremely common in kittens, and as
kittens can be infected from the mother’s milk it should be assumed that all kittens
are infected and worming should be started at a young age. Common
recommendations are to:
Treat kittens for roundworms every 2 weeks from 3 weeks
of age until 8 weeks of age, then monthly to 6 months of age. Treat cats over 6 months old every 1-3 months.
Tapeworms are only usually a problem in older cats,
unless a kitten also has fleas. Adult cats (greater than 6 months of age)
should be treated every 1-3 months with a product that is effective against
both tapeworms and roundworms. A product active against tapeworms should also
be used in kittens that have flea infestations.